Preposition (Kata Depan)

 

  A. Definition of Preposition

A preposition (preposition or preposition) is a word placed before a noun, pronoun or noun-equivalent to show a certain relationship to other words. a noun, pronoun or noun-equivalent to show a certain relationship with other words. with other words in the sentence.

Nouns, pronouns, and nouns that follow prepositions are always acts as the object in the sentence, for example: 

- I put my book on the table.
Saya menaruh buku saya di atas meja.
- The letter is written by me.
Surat itu ditulis oleh saya.
- It weights above three tons.
Beratnya di atas tiga ton.

The nouns "the table, me and three tons" act as objects for the prepositions prepositions or prepositions "on, by and above" in the sentence above

    B. Objects of Preposition

An adverb or adverbial phrase, expression or phrase, or noun clause that can be used as an object for a preposition:

Nouns, pronouns, and nouns that follow prepositions are always acts as the object in the sentence, for example: 

1. An adverb or adverb phrase as an object for a preposition. 

Some descriptions of time or place can be used as objects for prepositions that show time or place relationships:

Some descriptions of time or place can be used as objects for prepositions that show time or place relationships: 

• The bus starts from here. 
• I live in Jakarta. 
• Return at eight, we shall be ready by then. 

Words like from, by, and in in the sentence above are called prepositions, while then till now, then, here to there and the classroom are adverbs as objects for prepositions.

Some prepositions are used to form adverbs of place and adverbs of time.

At:

• at college
• at the back of the house
• at the post office 

On:

• on a bus
• on                                                             
• on a horse on a ship on foot
• on Main Street

In:

• in a book
• in a city
• in a village 
• in a wood in bed

2.To form adverbs of time are "at, on, in, during,and by". 

at:

• at first 
• at last
• at lunch

In:

• in August 
• in April
• in January 
• in March

on:

• on Friday
• on Monday
• on my birthday

By:

• by the middle of the night
• by the night

Notes: Some things to note are that in the use of prepositions to form adverbs of time and place, there is a difference in usage between "in, on, at", namely, example:

 1. If "in, on, at" is followed by an adverb of time, then:

"At" is used to indicate the exact time or time limit, and feasts/celebrations.

Take a look at some of the examples below:

• We went to school at seven o'clock.
• At this moment tomorrow we'll be there.
• He has lunch at noon 

b."On" is used with the names of days or dates. Some examples below:

• We'll go to see you on Monday.
• He was born on 18 August.
• He came to my house on New's Day.

c."In" is used for time sections, month names, century years and season names. some examples below:

• We usually go to the cinema in the evening. 
• We shall come in June. 
• I was born in 1973.

2. If "at, on, in" is followed by an adverb of place, then: 

a."At" is used for names of towns, villages, small places, addresses with house numbers or when talking about a distant place. 

Take a look at some of the examples below:

• I live at Selagik.(Selagik is a village name)
• I am waiting at the bus stop.
• I am waiting at the door.

b."On" is used to talk about objects that are stationary, indicating an object that is supported by another object.

Take a look at some of the examples below:

• He sat on a chair. 
• He jumped on the horse.  
• The ball hit him on the head.

a."In" is used for names of cities, countries or in front of place names when someone is speaking.

Take a look at some of the examples below:

• We live in Jakarta. 
• Would you like to live and work in Malaysia?  
• I am in the classroom. 

A noun or noun phrase as the object for a preposition.

Some examples below:

• Roland hid himself behind the door.
• He stood around the dining table.

3.      Infinitive as an object for prepositions.

Some examples below:

• It is about to rain.
• The bus is about to start.
•  He is about to begin his speech.

4.      Gerunds as objects for prepositions.

Take a look at the examples below:

• He is always fond of talking.
• I gave up smoking.
• He is fond of being admired.

5.    An expression or phrase as an object for a preposition.

Adverbial expressions (i.e. expressions that do not end in prepositions or conjunctions) can be used as objects for prepositions.

Some examples below:

• We came from beyond the seas.
•  Eva didn't return until about two months afterwards.

6.      A noun-clause as an object for a preposition.

Take a look at the examples below:

• His departure will depend on whether he gets leave or not.
• My friend told me of what she had hear/

 C.     Forms of Preposition

1.      Simple preposition

2.      Double Preposition

3.      Compound Preposition

4.      Participle Preposition

 D.     Position of Preposition

Prepositions are used to show the relationship between nouns, 

pronouns or phrases with other parts within the respective sentences. They are normally found positioned in the latter part of the sentence, but before a noun or pronoun . 

Prepositions can also be used to show a relationship in space or time or a logical relationship between two or more people, places or things . 

There are over 100 prepositions in English. The most common single-word prepositions are:

• about, above, across, after, against, along, among, around, as, at, 
• before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, by, 
• despite, down, during, 
• except, 
• for, from, 
• in, inside, into, 
• like, 
• near, of , off , on , onto , 
• opposite , out , outside , over , 
• past , round , 
• since , 
• through , to , towards , 
• under , underneath , unlike , until , 
• up , upon , 
• via,
•  with

E.     The use of Preposition

Prepositions are used to show the relationship between nouns, pronouns or phrases with other parts within the respective sentences. 

They can express 

• position/place (e.g. under the table)  
• time (e.g. on Monday)
• as well as many other things (e.g. by train). 

Prepositions are usually placed before a noun. They can also be used to show a relationship in space or time or a logical relationship between two or more people, places or things. 

For example, 

in the sentence

 “I’ll meet you at the cafe opposite the cinema”, the preposition “at” shows the relationship between the meeting and the location of the cafe, while “opposite” shows the relationship between the cafe and the cinema

F.     Fixed Preposition

Fixed prepositions are prepositions that are fixed with other words, generally verbs and adjectives in the form of idioms or phrases. Idioms are not formed according to grammar and each idiom has its own meaning.

Some examples of fixed prepositions include: 

• “approve of” (e.g. “I approve of your decision”), 
• “belong to” (e.g. “This book belongs to me”), 
• “consist of” (e.g. “The cake consists of flour, sugar, and eggs”), 
• “depend on” (e.g. “The outcome depends on your actions”),  
• “insist on” (e.g. “She insists on going to the party”)

prepositions are important words that help to show the relationship between nouns, pronouns or phrases with other parts within the respective sentences. They can express position/place, time, and many other things. Prepositions are usually placed before a noun and can also be used to show a relationship in space or time or a logical relationship between two or more people, places or things. Understanding how to use prepositions correctly can greatly improve your ability to communicate effectively in English.

So Thats all Speech Tips about Preposition, I hope you guys Enjoy this Information and Keep Learning English.